Introduction: Biological Markers of Male Reproductive Toxicology
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Biological markers of male reproductive toxicology.
Reproduction is a complex, stepwise series of processes that begins with gametogenesis, continues through gamete interaction, implantation, embryonic development, growth, parturition, and postnatal adaptation, and is completed with the development and sexual maturation of the newly formed organism. These reproductive processes do not take place in a chemically pristine environment, but rather i...
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General The male reproductive system tissues include testes, epididymides, the various accessory sex glands, and the penis. These tissues exhibit direct and indirect (usually hormonal) pleotrophic pathologic responses, often with a change in one reproductive tissue accompanied by changes in other reproductive tissues. The majority of the male reproductive tissues are paired, allowing identifica...
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There are many components to reproductive health, including the development and maintenance of the reproductive tract; mature sexual appearance and behavior; adequate numbers of sound, viable germ cells; and a balanced neuroendocrine system. Thus, the range of processes for which biological markers might be developed is quite broad. In shaping a research program on markers, there are several di...
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The rabbit is the smallest and least expensive laboratory animal in which serial semen samples can be obtained for morphologic, biochemical, and fertility evaluation. The female rabbit has a predictable reproductive cycle and can be artificially inseminated with a known amount of sperm during fertility testing. These advantages make the rabbit an extremely valuable model for studying the effect...
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The human male is of relatively low fertility and thus may be at greater risk from reproductive toxicants than are males of the common laboratory animal model species. Lack of knowledge of the physiological differences that contribute to interspecies variation between man and animals can prevent the effective application of animal data to the assessment of human reproductive risk. Evaluation of...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Health Perspectives
سال: 1987
ISSN: 0091-6765
DOI: 10.2307/3430429